Metabolic modulation of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.): an insight into growth, metabolomics and antioxidant activity under varying temperature and light conditions

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 3 Summary table of two-way (factorial) ANOVA

Variable	Source	df	SS	MS	F	p-value
Shoot length	T	2	580.3	2090.15	9.419	< 0.005	***
	DLI	1	15.8	15.84	0.514	0.4802	NS
	T * DLI	2	137.3	68.64	2.228	0.1295	NS
Leave number	T	2	93,265	46,633	5.001	0.0153	*
	DLI	1	344,112	344,112	36.903	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	2452	1226	0.131	0.8774	NS
Leaf length	T	2	50.76	25.380	21.445	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	30.00	30.000	25.349	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	9.12	4.561	3.854	0.0354	*
Leaf width	T	2	11.605	5.802	11.194	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	7.400	7.400	14.277	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	0.889	0.444	0.857	0.4369	NS
Root weight	T	2	2580	1290	5.924	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	4014	4014	18.432	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	1861	931	4.273	0.0258	*
Shoot weight	T	2	1631	815.6	3.183	0.0594	NS
	DLI	1	963	963.3	3.759	0.0644	NS
	T * DLI	2	3755	1877.4	7.327	< 0.0005	***
Root-Shoot ratio	T	2	0.2899	0.1450	4.672	0.1934	NS
	DLI	1	0.5018	0.5018	16.171	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	0.2680	0.1340	4.318	0.0250	*
Internode length	T	2	27.299	13.650	35.460	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	8.501	8.501	22.080	< 0.0005	***
	T * DLI	2	20.602	10.301	26.760	< 0.0005	***
TPC	T	2	3088.8	1544.4	30.673	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	102.7	102.7	2.040	0.1660	NS
	T * DLI	2	239.2	119.6	2.376	0.1140	NS
RAC	T	2	2990.9	1495.4	66.832	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	29.8	29.8	1.330	0.2602	NS
	T * DLI	2	204.9	102.4	4.578	0.0207	*
DPPH	T	2	8895	4448	14.414	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	558	558	1.809	0.1912	NS
	T * DLI	2	4072	2036	6.599	0.0052	**
ABTS	T	2	1405.9	702.9	6.434	0.0058	**
	DLI	1	266.7	266.7	2.441	0.1313	NS
	T * DLI	2	66.4	33.2	0.304	0.7408	NS
Total VOCs	T	2	66,276	33,138	50.130	< 0.0005	***
	DLI	1	19	19	0.029	0.8660	NS
	T * DLI	2	19,872	9936	15.031	< 0.0005	***

Significance (p-value) of the independent variables temperature (T) and light intensity (DLI) and interaction effects on growth parameters, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities. TPC, total phenolics content (mg GAE/g, DW); RAC, rosmarinic acid content (mg/g, DW); DPPH, RC₅₀ value of DPPH radical scavenging activity (µg/mL); ABTS, RC50 value of ABTS radical scavenging activity (µg/mL); Total VOCs, total volatile compounds content (µg/10 mg); *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005; NS, non-significant