Fig. 2
Microbial diversity. Bacterial α-diversity (Chao1 and Shannon indices) of reed, corn, and rice straw silages (Chao1: A, D, and G; Shannon: G; B, E, and H, respectively). Bacterial beta diversity (NMDS) of reed, corn, and rice straw silages (C, F, and I, respectively). R reed straw, C corn straw, and RI rice straw, control group means, ensiled without bacterial and enzyme supplementation; Mesa, the basal silage cocktail treatment (the basal silage cocktail treatment bacterial inoculants: 1.0 × 106 CFU L. plantarum, 1.4 × 107 CFU L. buchneri; 3.0 × 105 CFU P. pentosaceus; 8.0 × 108 CFU A. niger; 1.6 × 106 CFU B. subtilis; 1.0 × 109 CFU C. utilis; and enzymes: 5.0 × 104 U xylanase; 2.5 × 103 U β-Mannanases; 1.0 × 104 U glucanase); MesaA, represents Mesa with a double or triple dosage of A. niger for reed, corn and rice straws, respectively; MesaB, represents Mesa with double dosage of B. subtilis; MesaC, represents Mesa with double dosage of C. utilis; MesaG represents Mesa with a double dosage of glucanase