Exclosures backed up with community-based soil and water conservation practices increased soil organic carbon stock and microbial biomass carbon distribution, in the northern highlands of Ethiopia

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 2 Summary of statistics for SOC, bulk density, and SOC stock in response to SWC measures

SWC	Variable	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum	Std Error	CV	Skewness	Kurtosis
Non-conserved grazing land	Organic carbon (%)	1.9	2.1	0.7	3.2	0.1	27	− 0.4	0.2
	Bulk density (kg m⁻³)	1284	1362	770	1497	25	14	− 0.9	0.0
	SOC stock (Mg ha⁻¹)	16	16	3	31	1.0	45	0.2	− 0.7
Terracing	Organic carbon (%)	2.5	2.5	1.3	3.6	0.1	17	0.0	0.5
	Bulk density (kg m⁻³)	1260	1288	850	1485	21	12	− 0.9	0.4
	SOC stock (Mg ha⁻¹)	21	21	6	40	1.0	37	0.1	0.0
Exclosure + terracing	Organic carbon (%)	2.9	2.9	1.3	3.8	0.1	20	− 0.4	0.4
	Bulk density (kg m⁻³)	1244	1250	1011	1579	18	10	0.3	− 0.4
	SOC stock (Mg ha⁻¹)	29	29	9	43	1.0	27	− 0.3	− 0.5
Exclosure	Organic carbon (%)	2.8	2.8	1.5	3.8	0.1	18	− 0.4	0.1
	Bulk density (kg m⁻³)	1220	1308	690	1491	30	18	− 0.9	− 0.1
	SOC stock (Mg ha⁻¹)	24	23	8	52	1.0	39	0.7	0.6