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Table 2 Effect of planting dates—A (early, normal and late) and treatments—B (control, intercropping, Piper emulsion and insecticide) on number of looper larvae (mean ± SD)

From: Effects of climate variability on insect pests of cabbage: adapting alternative planting dates and cropping pattern as control measures

A

Treatments

Planting dates

Early

Normala

Late

 

Control

6.2 ± 2.0a

8.3 ± 1.7a

0.2 ± 0.5b

 

Intercropping

0.2 ± 0.5a

0.2 ± 0.5a

0.0 ± 0.0a

 

Piper emulsion

0.0 ± 0.0a

0.5 ± 0.5a

0.0 ± 0.0a

 

Insecticide

0.7 ± 0.9a

0.7 ± 0.9a

0.5 ± 0.5a

 

B

Planting dates

Treatments

Control

Intercropping

Piper emulsion

Insecticide

Early

6.2 ± 2.0a

0.2 ± 0.5a

0.0 ± 0.0a

0.7 ± 0.9a

Normala

8.3 ± 1.7a

0.2 ± 0.5a

0.5 ± 0.5a

0.7 ± 0.9a

Late

0.2 ± 0.5b

0.0 ± 0.0a

0.0 ± 0.0a

0.5 ± 0.5a

  1. Values within rows with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05)
  2. aData taken from Tanyi et al. [35]