Bioactivity of Citrus essential oils (CEOs) against microorganisms associated with spoilage of some fruits

Ajayi-Moses, Oluwatayo Benjamin; Ogidi, Clement Olusola; Akinyele, Bamidele Juliet

doi:10.1186/s40538-019-0160-5

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 1 Microbial count from fruits collected from different locations

From: Bioactivity of Citrus essential oils (CEOs) against microorganisms associated with spoilage of some fruits

Fruits	FSG	OF	OJM	OWM	CFS	AHF
Bacteria count × 10⁵ cfu/g
Pawpaw	1.73 ± 0.05^b	0.54 ± 0.07^ab	2.35 ± 0.09^b	3.26 ± 0.07^b	2.47 ± 0.27^b	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Apple	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Pineapple	2.86 ± 0.09^d	0.81 ± 0.21^bc	2.58 ± 0.35^b	3.08 ± 0.25^b	3.55 ± 0.13^c	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Watermelon	3.83 ± 0.11^e	1.16 ± 0.03 ^cd	4.30 ± 0.28^c	4.32 ± 0.60^c	5.26 ± 0.15^e	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Tomato	5.37 ± 0.15 ^g	1.70 ± 0.23^d	5.84 ± 0.43^d	5.00 ± 0.30 ^cd	NA	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Cucumber	4.70 ± 0.13^f	1.04 ± 0.21^bc	4.79 ± 0.26^c	5.48 ± 0.49^d	4.32 ± 0.23^d	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Orange	2.22 ± 0.05^c	0.47 ± 0.20^ab	2.23 ± 0.07^b	2.78 ± 0.38^b	2.11 ± 0.12^b	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Banana	2.22 ± 0.14^c	1.18 ± 0.30^cd	2.88 ± 0.48^b	3.14 ± 0.24^b	2.35 ± 0.19b	0.00 ± 0.00^a
African star apple	5.54 ± 0.16^g	1.34 ± 0.17^cd	4.90 ± 0.42^c	4.38 ± 0.03^c	NA	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Fungal count × 10⁴ sfu/g^#
Pawpaw	1.10 ± 0.06^a	2.73 ± 0.17^ab	4.60 ± 0.38^b	4.07 ± 0.37^a	2.20 ± 0.31^ab	0.47 ± 0.03^b
Apple	5.03 ± 1.08^b	5.40 ± 0.35^c	2.93 ± 0.18^a	2.03 ± 0.20^a	2.93 ± 0.24^b	0.23 ± 0.03^a
Pineapple	1.97 ± 0.27^a	5.53 ± 0.34^c	3.43 ± 0.26^ab	9.53 ± 0.41^b	7.13 ± 0.41^d	0.60 ± 0.06^bc
Watermelon	3.07 ± 0.77^ab	2.87 ± 0.33^ab	3.03 ± 0.23^a	4.23 ± 0.15^a	5.13 ± 0.18^c	0.90 ± 0.06^d
Tomato	3.27 ± 0.43^ab	10.03 ± 0.49^d	8.63 ± 0.35^c	3.57 ± 0.66^a	2.57 ± 0.43^ab	1.23 ± 0.03^e
Cucumber	13.27 ± 1.62^c	13.27 ± 0.41^e	17.13 ± 0.67^d	9.03 ± 0.44^b	10.87 ± 0.64^e	0.63 ± 0.03^c
Orange	1.57 ± 0.03^a	1.37 ± 0.08^a	2.27 ± 0.13^a	1.87 ± 0.09^a	3.00 ± 0.15^b	0.27 ± 0.03^a
Banana	2.40 ± 0.87^a	3.97 ± 0.10^bc	3.47 ± 0.24^ab	3.27 ± 0.75^a	1.10 ± 0.21^a	0.20 ± 0.06^a
African star apple	29.03 ± 0.75^d	20.17 ± 0.81^f	22.07 ± 1.07^e	30.40 ± 2.94^c	12.27 ± 1.22^e	1.87 ± 0.07^f

Data are represented as mean ± standard error (n = 3) with the same superscript down the column are not significantly different (p < 0.05)
FSG fruit from FUTA south gate, OF fruit from farm, OJM fruit from Ojaoba Akure, OWM fruit from Owena market, CFS cathedral fruit shop, AHF apparently healthy fruit, NA not available
^#Fungal count for AHF × 10² sfu/g

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