Bioactivity of Citrus essential oils (CEOs) against microorganisms associated with spoilage of some fruits

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 7 Comparative minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (mg/ml) of CEOs against microbial isolates

Isolates	A	B	C	A + B	A + C	B + C	A + B + C
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	75	100	> 100	75	100	> 100	75
Candida tropicalis	75	100	> 100	50	100	100	75
Candida krusei	50	25	50	25	50	50	25
Kluyveromyces marxianus	75	75	100	75	75	75	75
Torulopsis fragaria	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	> 100
Pichia kluyveri	25	50	75	25	25	50	25
Pichia fermentans	50	50	50	25	25	25	25
Pichia anomala	50	50	50	25	25	25	25
Geotrichum candidum	50	50	75	25	75	75	50
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100
Zygosaccharomyces bailii	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100
Aspergillus niger	100	100	> 100	50	75	100	50
Aspergillus flavus	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100	> 100
Aspergillus fumigatus	100	100	> 100	50	75	75	50
Aspergillus parasiticus	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Mucor piriformis	50	75	50	75	50	50	50
Mucor racemosis	50	75	50	75	50	75	50
Fusarium oxysporum	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fusarium avenaceum	> 100	> 100	0.0	> 100	> 100	0.0	> 100
Fusarium solani	> 100	> 100	> 100	100	100	100	75
Penicillium digitatum	25	25	50	12.5	25	25	12.5
Penicillium expansum	25	25	25	25	25	25	25
Rhizopus oryzae	100	100	> 100	75	> 100	> 100	75
Rhizopus stolonifer	100	100	> 100	75	> 100	> 100	75
Alternaria alternata	75	50	50	75	75	75	50
Bacillus cereus	25	25	50	25	25	25	25
Micrococcus luteus	75	50	75	50	75	75	50
Streptococcus uberis	50	50	100	25	50	50	25
Bacillus subtilis	25	25	50	25	25	25	25
Proteus vulgaris	50	50	50	50	50	50	25
Serratia marcescens	100	100	100	50	50	50	50
Streptococcus agalactiae	25	50	50	50	50	50	25
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	12.5	12.5	50	12.5	25	25	25
Erwinia cacticida	25	25	75	25	50	50	25

A—lime oil, B—lemon oil, C—grapefruit oil, 0.0—no inhibition detected when ≥ 100 mg/ml was used