Treatment
|
Chl. a (mg/g FW)
|
Chl. b (mg/g FW)
|
Antiox. capacity (%)
|
Ionic leakage (%)
|
N (%)
|
P (%)
|
K (%)
|
Fe (mg/kg DW)
|
Mn (mg/kg DW)
|
MDH (µg/g FW)
|
POD (µg/g FW)
|
CAT (µg/g FW)
|
SOD (µg/g FW)
|
---|
S1V0B0
|
4.0 d
|
1.5 de
|
19.3 e
|
45.3 c
|
2.3 e
|
0.3 e
|
0.6 ef
|
35.3 d
|
31.7 cd
|
0.5 e
|
1.0 e
|
3.3 e
|
95.0 e
|
S1V0DPB
|
5.3 c
|
2.1 c
|
39.8 d
|
35.1 d
|
4.2 cd
|
0.6 c
|
1.5 de
|
51.3 cd
|
60.6 bc
|
0.4 e
|
1.0 e
|
2.7 e
|
97.0 e
|
S1V0PB
|
6.5 b
|
2.7 b
|
49.8 b
|
30.3 d
|
5.7 b
|
0.8 b
|
2.6 b
|
84.7 b
|
80.6 b
|
0.4 e
|
1.0 e
|
4.0 e
|
98.3 e
|
S1V1B0
|
5.5 c
|
2.1 c
|
20.7 e
|
38.1 cd
|
2.7 e
|
0.4 d
|
0.8 e
|
38.0 d
|
40.0 c
|
0.4 e
|
1.1 de
|
4.7 de
|
97.7 e
|
S1V1DPB
|
6.8 b
|
2.7 b
|
27.5 e
|
30.0 de
|
5.3 b
|
0.8 b
|
1.8 d
|
78.5 b
|
77.5 b
|
0.5 e
|
1.2 de
|
5.3 de
|
99.0 e
|
S1V1PB
|
8.0 a
|
3.4 a
|
34.4 de
|
25.0 e
|
6.6 a
|
1.1 a
|
3.1 a
|
97.2 a
|
91.7 a
|
0.6 de
|
1.4 d
|
6.0 de
|
100.3 e
|
S2V0B0
|
2.0 def
|
1.1 f
|
27.3 e
|
53.0 b
|
1.7 f
|
0.2 e
|
0.4 f
|
18.0 e
|
25.6 cd
|
1.7 c
|
2.2 c
|
13.3 b
|
146.0 c
|
S2V0DPB
|
2.5 de
|
1.8 d
|
51.2 bc
|
40.7 c
|
3.5 d
|
0.5 cd
|
1.1 e
|
40.6 d
|
52.3 c
|
0.8 d
|
1.3 d
|
7.0 d
|
133.3 c
|
S2V0PB
|
3.3 de
|
2.3 c
|
74.1 a
|
37.0 cd
|
4.8 c
|
0.7 b
|
2.2 c
|
63.7 c
|
72.3 bc
|
0.3 e
|
0.7 e
|
3.3 e
|
113.3 d
|
S2V1B0
|
2.6 de
|
1.4 def
|
27.6 e
|
45.0 c
|
2.1 f
|
0.3 e
|
0.5 f
|
26.0 de
|
31.0 cd
|
1.1 d
|
1.8 c
|
9.7 c
|
170.7 b
|
S2V1DPB
|
3.4 de
|
2.0 c
|
50.5 bc
|
35.0 cd
|
3.9 cd
|
0.5 cd
|
1.5 de
|
57.5 c
|
63.5 bc
|
0.5 de
|
0.8 e
|
4.5 e
|
126.6 d
|
S2V1PB
|
4.0 d
|
2.7 b
|
59.1 b
|
25.0 e
|
5.0 c
|
0.8 b
|
2.3 c
|
78.6 b
|
82.3 b
|
0.4 e
|
0.7 e
|
3.3 e
|
118.0 d
|
S3V0B0
|
1.2 def
|
1.0 def
|
33.3 e
|
70.0 a
|
1.4 f
|
0.2 e
|
0.4 f
|
13.3 e
|
17.5 d
|
4.0 a
|
3.7 a
|
18.7 a
|
188.3 a
|
S3V0DPB
|
1.7 def
|
1.3 def
|
55.6 bc
|
55.0 b
|
3.2 d
|
0.4 d
|
0.9 e
|
33.7 d
|
42.0 c
|
1.8 c
|
1.9 c
|
8.5 c
|
143.4 c
|
S3V0PB
|
2.1 def
|
1.8 d
|
78.7 a
|
60.0 b
|
4.5 c
|
0.6 c
|
1.6 de
|
47.0 d
|
67.7 bc
|
0.7 d
|
1.2 d
|
4.0 e
|
123.3 d
|
S3V1B0
|
1.4 def
|
1.0 def
|
36.6 de
|
55.1 b
|
1.8 f
|
0.2 e
|
0.3 f
|
17.8 e
|
25.0 d
|
3.5 b
|
3.1 b
|
15.0 b
|
165.0 b
|
S3V1DPB
|
2.2 def
|
1.3 def
|
61.9 b
|
45.3 c
|
3.2 d
|
0.4 d
|
1.0 e
|
42.3 d
|
51.0 c
|
1.4 c
|
1.4 d
|
6.8 d
|
130.0 cd
|
S3V1PB
|
2.6 def
|
2.3 c
|
65.9 b
|
50.0 bc
|
4.0 cd
|
0.6 c
|
1.9 d
|
64.7 c
|
65.6 bc
|
0.4 e
|
0.6 e
|
3.3 e
|
112.2 d
|
- B0, no biochar; DPB, 500 g m−2 date palm biochar and PB, 500 g m-2 pistachio biochar; V0, no vermicompost and V1, 1500 g m−2; S1, 100% water requirement; S2, 75% water requirement and S3, 50% water requirement; Chl. a, chlorophyll a, Chl. B, chlorophyll b; Antiox capacity, antioxidant capacity; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorous; K, potassium; M, manganese; Fe, iron; MDH, malondialdehyde; POD, guaiacol peroxidase; CAT, catalase and SOD, superoxide dismutase
- Different letters within each column are significantly different at P < 0.05 using the Duncan multiple range test