Removal of iron and manganese from groundwater sources using nano-biosorbents

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 3 Parameters of Thomas and Adams–Bohart model for iron and manganese adsorbtion by combination of TLC, RSC and NS

Model	Sample number	Adsorbent	Absorbed	K_Th (ml/mg min)	q₀ (mg/g)	R²
Thomas	1	RSC (0.1 g)	Fe	0.0007	131.39	0.89
	1	RSC (0.1 g)	Mn	0.0011	203.58	0.9
	2	TLC (0.1 g)	Fe	0.0013	90.33	0.9
	2	TLC (0.1 g)	Mn	0.0010	70.40	0.98
	3	RSC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0042	88.73	0.97
	3	RSC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0013	235.45	0.91
	4	TLC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0037	65.71	0.88
	4	TLC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0008	98.29	0.99
	5	RSC (0.04 g) + TLC (0.04 g) + NS (0.02 g)	Fe	0.0008	112.75	0.83
	5	RSC (0.04 g) + TLC (0.04 g) + NS (0.02 g)	Mn	0.0009	193.64	0.96
	6	RSC (0.025 g) + TLC (0.025 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0005	158.63	0.91
	6	RSC (0.025 g) + TLC (0.025 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0013	215.18	0.91
	7	RSC (0.015 g) + TLC (0.015 g) + NS (0.07 g)	Fe	0.0007	222.56	0.85
	7	RSC (0.015 g) + TLC (0.015 g) + NS (0.07 g)	Mn	0.0025	158.56	0.95

Model	Sample number	Adsorbent	Absorbed	K_BA (l/mg min)	N₀ (mg/l)	R²
Adams–Bohart	1	RSC (0.1 g)	Fe	0.0005	5.85	0.95
	1	RSC (0.1 g)	Mn	0.0009	9.49	0.93
	2	TLC (0.1 g)	Fe	0.0013	3.84	0.90
	2	TLC (0.1 g)	Mn	0.0010	2.99	0.98
	3	RSC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0042	3.77	0.97
	3	RSC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0021	7.35	0.89
	4	TLC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0008	3.53	0.88
	4	TLC (0.05 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0008	4.17	0.99
	5	RSC (0.04 g) + TLC (0.04 g) + NS (0.02 g)	Fe	0.0032	2.91	0.91
	5	RSC (0.04 g) + TLC (0.04 g) + NS (0.02 g)	Mn	0.0009	8.22	0.96
	6	RSC (0.025 g) + TLC (0.025 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Fe	0.0005	6.74	0.91
	6	RSC (0.025 g) + TLC (0.025 g) + NS (0.05 g)	Mn	0.0021	6.43	0.93
	7	RSC (0.015 g) + TLC (0.015 g) + NS (0.07 g)	Fe	0.0007	9.45	0.85
	7	RSC (0.015 g) + TLC (0.015 g) + NS (0.07 g)	Mn	0.0028	6.41	0.94

The results showed that the performance of NS with RSC is more efficient than other biosorbents combinations. In addition, Fe is absorbed more than Mn. The order of absorption of the systems is as follows: (2) < (4) < (5) < (1) < (6) < (3) < (7), indicating that the adsorption performance improves with increasing the ratio of NS to other adsorbents