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Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
Fig. 3 | Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Fig. 3

From: Antifeedant Activity and Biochemical Responses in Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Infesting Broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra exposed to Piper ribesioides Wall Extracts and Allelochemicals

Fig. 3

Feeding deterrence index (FDI %) after applying P. ribesioides allelochemicals against S. exigua larvae (3rd instar) at 5 h exposure using leaf disc assay. Different capital letters on error bars indicate the significance of mean values (P < 0.05), and the bar indicates SE (n = 10)

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