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Table 5 Impact on detoxification enzymes activity1 in survived 2nd instar S. exigua after topical application of isolated compounds of P. ribesioides extracts post-24 h treatment

From: Synergistic interaction of thymol with Piper ribesioides (Piperales: Piperaceae) extracts and isolated active compounds for enhanced insecticidal activity against Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Binary mixtures

CE activity

CF2

GST activity

CF2

AChE activity

CF2

Control

2.019e

–

2.425d

–

2.279d

–

Piperine (LD10) + thymol (LD30)

2.047e

0.99

2.543d

0.95

3.074e

0.41

Piperine (LD30) + thymol (LD10)

1.018 c

1.98

0.761bc

3.19

1.714c

1.33

Phenethylcinnamamide (LD10) + thymol (LD10)

0.434a

4.65

0.565ab

4.29

1.021b

2.23

Phenethylcinnamamide (LD30) + thymol (LD10)

1.338d

1.51

0.300a

8.08

0.317a

7.19

Cinnamic acid (LD10) + thymol (LD10)

0.350a

5.77

1.353c

1.79

0.671ab

3.40

Cinnamic acid (LD30) + thymol (LD10)

0.667b

3.03

1.120c

2.17

0.342a

6.66

F-value

431.95

–

111.67

–

174.701

–

P-value

0.062

–

0.017

–

0.000

–

  1. 1Mean values within the same column followed by the same letter of each treatment are not significantly different (P > 0.05) by Tukey's test. The reaction of CE were measured as nM p-nitrophenol/min/mg; GST as nM glutathione conjugated product/min/mg; AChE as µM/min/mg of protein
  2. 2CF is correction factor (detoxification enzyme activity of control / detoxification enzyme activity of treatment)