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Table 3 Mean multi-substrate-induced respiration rates in soil from the experimental sites in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) and Tamale (Northern Ghana); probability values for the two-way ANOVA at Ouagadougou and the three-way ANOVA at Tamale, interactions were all not significant

From: The combined application of nitrogen and biochar reduced microbial carbon limitation in irrigated soils of West African urban horticulture

Treatment

Ser

GluN

NAG

Mal

Qui

Oxa

Tat

Pro

Fruc

(µl CO2 h−1 g−1 soil)

Ouagadougou

 Control

2.8

3.6

2.3

3.8

3.1

3.5

2.9

2.3

3.6

 BC

3.0

3.5

2.4

3.4

3.1

3.9

2.8

2.2

3.2

 FP

3.7

4.1

3.0

3.6

3.3

3.5

2.8

2.7

4.1

 FP + BC

4.5

5.0

3.7

4.3

3.9

4.5

3.5

3.1

5.1

Probability values

 Biochar

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

 Fertilizer

0.06

NS

NS

0.03

NS

NS

NS

0.08

NS

 CV (± %)

30

26

26

27

33

26

32

24

30

Tamale

 Control

3.1

3.4

2.7

6.7

4.7

10.1

5.7

2.7

4.7

 BC

3.1

3.8

2.7

6.6

4.6

10.9

5.7

2.7

5.0

 FP

1.9

1.7

1.6

4.9

4.3

10.4

4.5

1.5

1.9

 FP + BC

2.1

1.7

2.0

6.2

4.5

11.4

4.6

1.8

2.2

Probability values

 Biochar

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

 Fertilizer

 < 0.01

 < 0.01

 < 0.01

NS

NS

NS

NS

 < 0.01

 < 0.01

 Irrigation

NS

NS

NS

0.01

0.06

0.05

0.03

NS

NS

 CV (± %)

27

29

22

35

31

36

39

20

24

  1. CV mean coefficient of variation between replicate samples (n = 4), NS not significant, FP fertilization according to farmers’ practice