From: Thermophilic bacteria and their thermozymes in composting processes: a review
Enzyme | Thermophilic phase | Prominent bacteria | Compost type | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Protease | 4th–8th week/24 | Paenibacillus validus 1VC | Agricultural residue/sawdust 97:3 and 15:85 | [54] |
4th–16th day/25 | Stenotrophomonas, Sinibacillus | Mulberry branches/silkworm excrement 1:9 (w/w) | [23] | |
4th–7th day/11 | Ureibacillus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Sporosarcina | Sludge/corn straw 3:1 (w/w) | [57] | |
3rd–16th day/25 | Bacillus sp. | Chicken manure/rice husk (17.3 C/N) | [58] | |
5th–22nd day/39 | Nonomuraea sp., Virgibacillus sp. | Cow manure, mushroom residue, sawdust | [59] | |
2nd–7th day/11 | Bacillus sp. | Sewage sludge/sawdust/ biochar | [68] | |
Urease | From 6 to 26 days/31 | Firmicutes, Proteobacteria | Food waste | [15] |
4th–8th week/24 | Paenibacillus validus 1VC | Agricultural residue/sawdust 97:3 and 15:85 | [54] | |
4th–16th day/25 | Stenotrophomonas, Sinibacillus; Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus | Mulberry branches/silkworm excrement 1:9 (w/w); mulberry branches/cow dung 3:7 (w/w) | [23] | |
4th–7th day/11 | Ureibacillus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Sporosarcina | Sludge/corn straw 3:1 (w/w) | [57] | |
3rd–16th day/25 | Bacillus sp. | Chicken manure/rice husk (17.3 C/N) | [58] | |
2nd–7th day/11 | Bacillus sp., Candidatus microthrix | Sewage sludge/sawdust/ biochar | [68] |