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Fig. 4 | Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Fig. 4

From: Impact of essential oils on seed quality and seed-borne pathogens of Althea officinalis seeds of different ages

Fig. 4

Impact of different concentrations of Eos on abnormal seedlings of A. officinalis of different ages: a 0.002%; b 0.02%; c 0.2%; d 0.5%; e 1%. Seed age: 1 year (2020Y1), 2 years (2019Y2) and 3 years (2018Y3). Eos: oregano Eo, cinnamon Eo, basil Eo, caraway Eo, mint Eo, lavender Eo; Eemulsifier PEG40 hydrogenated castor oil; W Water, H2O Ø. For all seed ages, Tucey's Multiple Range test a, b,… x, significant effect p ≤ 0.05; standard error of the differences of means (± SED)

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