Skip to main content

Table 2 Results of seedling growth after the treatment with essential oils at the concentration of 0.02% on A. officinalis seeds of different ages

From: Impact of essential oils on seed quality and seed-borne pathogens of Althea officinalis seeds of different ages

Seed age

Seedling growth, cm

Eo O

Eo C

Eo B

Eo K

Eo M

Eo L

E

W

Stem

Y1

0.348 ± 0.29c

0.521 ± 0.66c

0.356 ± 0.95c

0.658 ± 0.19c

0.756 ± 0.78c

1.55 ± 1.21b

3.67 ± 0.78a

3.66 ± 0.29a

Y2

0.649 ± 0.63c

0.952 ± 0.87bc

0.982 ± 0.73bc

0.751 ± 0.22bc

1.002 ± 0.20bc

1.77 ± 0.99b

3.70 ± 0.19a

3.68 ± 0.21a

Y3

3.19 ± 0.63c

3.26 ± 0.56c

3.79 ± 0.68b

3.60 ± 0.24b

3.99 ± 0.69ab

4.51 ± 0.71a

3.64 ± 0.79b

3.63 ± 0.76b

Radicle

Y1

0.413 ± 1.07c

0.556 ± 0.25c

0.402 ± 0.56c

0.688 ± 0.78c

0.798 ± 0.31c

1.65 ± 0.47b

3.89 ± 0.79a

3.86 ± 0.32a

Y2

0.681 ± 0.16c

0.989 ± 0.63c

1.089 ± 0.45bc

0.799 ± 0.23bc

1.178 ± 0.58bc

1.81 ± 0.87b

3.91 ± 0.75a

3.88 ± 0.65b

Y3

3.59 ± 0.89bc

3.39 ± 0.45c

3.92 ± 0.98bc

3.81 ± 0.77bc

4.12 ± 0.65b

4.56 ± 0.48a

3.88 ± 0.96bc

3.86 ± 0.22bc

  1. Seed age: 1 year (2020‒Y1), 2 years (2019‒Y2) and 3 years (2018‒Y3). Eos: oregano Eo (Eo O), cinnamon Eo (Eo C), basil Eo (Eo B), caraway Eo (Eo K), mint Eo (Eo M), lavender Eo (Eo L); E‒emulsifier PEG‒40 hydrogenated castor oil; W‒Water, H2O Ø. For all seed ages, Tukey's Multiple Range test a, b,… x, significant effect p ≤ 0.05; standard error of the differences of means (± SED) are used