Impact of essential oils on seed quality and seed-borne pathogens of Althea officinalis seeds of different ages

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 6 Pearson correlation coefficients (r) of the tested traits after the oil treatment was applied to A. officinalis seeds (n = 240)

Traits	GS	DS	DeS	AS	Stem	Radicle	Mucor	Alternaria	Fusarium	Penicillium
GS	‒	− 0.189**	− 0.891***	0.710***	0.998***	0.999***	0.909***	0.801***	0.825***	0.849***
Ds		‒	− 0.816***	0.474***	0.563***	0.568***	0.029 ns	0.159*	0.505**	0.141 ns
DeS			‒	− 0.809**	− 0.908***	− 0.911***	− 0.957***	− 0.941***	− 0.942***	− 0.848***
AS				‒	0.734***	0.737***	0.116*	0.021 ns	0.101 ns	0.167*
Stem					‒	0.999***	0.923***	0.824***	0.847***	0.852***
Radicle						‒	0.927***	0.830***	0.852***	0.858***
Mucor							‒	0.952***	0.950***	0.923***
Alternaria								‒	0.964***	0.898***
Fusarium									‒	0.892***
Penicillium										‒

^*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ns not significant (nsp ≥ 0.05); GS%—germinated seeds, DS%—dormant seeds, DeS% dead seeds, AS%—abnormal seedlings