Carbon nanomaterials: production, impact on plant development, agricultural and environmental applications

Zaytseva, Olga; Neumann, Günter

doi:10.1186/s40538-016-0070-8

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 1 Influence of carbon-based nanomaterials on seed germination

From: Carbon nanomaterials: production, impact on plant development, agricultural and environmental applications

Plant specie	Type of NPs	Size of NPs	Concentration (mg L⁻¹⁾	Germination medium	Exposure duration	Effects	Ref
Maize	SWCNTs	Ø 1–2 nm L 30 µm	20	MS medium	72 h	No effect on seed germination	[118]
Radish, rape, ryegrass, lettuce, maize, cucumber	MWCNTs	Ø 10–20 nm L 1–2 µm	2000	DI water	5 days	No effect on seed germination	[158]
Alfalfa, wheat	MWCNTs	Ø 3 ± 4 nm	40–2560	Agar medium	4 days	No effect on seed germination	[190]
Zucchini	MWCNTs	Ø 13–16 nm L 1–10 µm	1000	Hoagland medium	12 days	No effect on seed germination	[126]
Mustard, black lentil	MWCNTs	Ø 110–170 nm L 5–9 µm	10, 20, 40	DI water	7 days	No effect on seed germination	[160]
Wheat	oMWCNTs	Ø 6–13 nm L 2.5–0 µm	10, 20, 40, 80, 160	DI water	7 days	No effect on seed germination	[159]
Wheat, maize, peanut, garlic bulb	wsMWCNTs	Ø 10–20 nmL 10–30 µm	20, 50	DI water	5–10 days	Enhanced germination	[191]
Barley, maize, soybean	MWCNTs	na	50, 100, 200	MS medium	10 days	Accelerated germination	[128]
Barley, maize, soybean,	MWCNTs	na	25, 50, 100 (spray)	Water	10 days	At 25 mg L⁻¹ no effect, at 100 mg L⁻¹ increased germination rate	[128]
Tomato	MWCNTs	na	10, 20, 40	MS medium	20 days	Increased seed moisture content, accelerated germination, improved germination rate	[154]
Rice	CNTs	Ø 8 nm L 30 µm	50, 100, 150	MS medium	6 days	Enhanced germination speed and rate	[192]
Rice	CNTs	na	na	Basal growth medium	na	Increased seed water content, germination rate	[156]
Tomato, onion, turnip, radish	CNTs	Ø 8– 15 nm L > 10 μm	10, 20 and 40	Ultra-pure water	12 days	Improved germination of tomato and onion	[193]
Tomato	Graphene	na	40	DI water	11 days	Accelerated germination	[172]
Rice	Graphene	na	5, 50, 100, 200	na	16 days	Delayed germination with the increasing of graphene concentration	[173]
Wheat	Graphene, GO, graphene ribbon		200	Water	5 days	Graphene and GO: inhibited germination, graphene ribbon: enhanced germination	[174]

Ø diameter, L length, DI water deionized water, wsMWCNTs water soluble MWCNTs, oMWCNTs oxidized MWCNTs, MS medium Murashige and Skoog medium, GO graphene oxide

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