Clean recovery and recycling of seasonal surplus forage grass by microbial driven anaerobic fermentation: a case study of napiergrass

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 3 Effects of harvest dates and store time on the microbial number of fermented napiergrass

Items^C	Treatments^D	Store time (d)						SEM^E	P value^F
Items^C	Treatments^D	1	3	7	15	30	60	SEM^E	G	D	G × D
LAB (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_I	6.03^A	7.85^A	7.91^A	8.66^A	7.58^A	6.47^A	0.225	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.011
LAB (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_II	4.38^B	5.51^B	6.02^B	7.39^B	6.06^B	5.30^B	0.227	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.011
Aerobic bacteria (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_I	5.63^B	4.81^B	2.61^B	< 2.00^B	< 2.00	< 2.00	0.459	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.013
Aerobic bacteria (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_II	8.09^A	7.39^A	5.98^A	3.15^A	< 2.00	< 2.00	0.695	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.013
Yeasts (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_I	3.52^B	3.46^B	2.41^B	< 2.00^B	< 2.00	< 2.00	0.299	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.905
Yeasts (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_II	4.44^A	4.39^A	3.68^A	2.93^A	2.34	2.41	0.223	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.905
Molds (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_I	3.03^B	2.42	< 2.00^B	ND	ND	ND	0.307	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.601
Molds (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_II	3.88^A	3.07	2.66^A	< 2.00	< 2.00	< 2.00	0.305	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.601
Enterobacteria (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_I	8.16^A	6.89^A	4.44^B	3.82^B	2.91	3.08	0.447	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.216
Enterobacteria (log₁₀ CFU/g FM)	NN_II	6.11^B	5.76^B	5.63^A	4.86^A	3.35	2.99	0.347	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.216

^A−BMeans with different uppercase in the same row differ at p < 0.05
^CLAB lactic acid bacteria, CFU colony-forming units, FM fresh material
^DNN_I natural fermentation of napiergrass harvested at the early vegetative stage, NN_II natural fermentation of napiergrass harvested at the late vegetative stage
^ESEM standard error of means
^FG the effect of harvest date, D the effect of store time, G × D the interaction between harvest date and store time