Analysis of volatile compounds of black bean, mung bean, and soybean extracts prepared with distillation under reduced pressure–continuous liquid–liquid extraction and hot water extraction

Han, Eunji; Ahn, Hyunwoo; Lee, Seongho; Lee, Kwang-Geun

doi:10.1186/s40538-022-00369-1

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 4 Concentrations of volatile compounds identified in black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) extracts with HWE

From: Analysis of volatile compounds of black bean, mung bean, and soybean extracts prepared with distillation under reduced pressure–continuous liquid–liquid extraction and hot water extraction

Compounds	KI	KI (Ref.)	Identification	Peak area ratio¹
				70°C²			80 °C			90 °C
				355–500 μm	500–710 μm	Whole size	355–500 μm	500–710 μm	Whole size	355–500 μm	500–710 μm	Whole size
Aldehydes
Hexanal	1074	1084	MS³, KI⁴, Co⁵	2.173 ± 0.003^a,A	4.292 ± 0.004^a,B	0.461 ± 0.003^a,C	1.125 ± 0.003^b,A	2.354 ± 0.001^b,B	0.656 ± 0.003^b,C	0.659 ± 0.002^c,A	1.119 ± 0.002^c,B	0.314 ± 0.001^c,C
Nonanal	1412	1395	MS, KI, Co	0.223 ± 0.001^a,A	0.308 ± 0.001^a,B	0.036 ± 0.001^a,C	0.152 ± 0.001^b,A	0.198 ± 0.002^b,B	0.366 ± 0.001^b,C	0.102 ± 0.002^c,A	0.152 ± 0.001^c,B	0.078 ± 0.002^c,C
Benzaldehyde	1521	1527	MS, KI, Co	1.633 ± 0.006^a,A	1.937 ± 0.003^a,B	0.375 ± 0.003^a,C	1.291 ± 0.004^b,A	1.749 ± 0.002^b,B	0.494 ± 0.002^b,C	1.171 ± 0.008^c,A	1.271 ± 0.004^c,B	0.687 ± 0.002^c,C
Total aldehydes				4.029 ± 0.006	6.538 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.005	2.569 ± 0.003	4.298 ± 0.002	1.186 ± 0.002	1.932 ± 0.001	2.543 ± 0.005	1.076 ± 0.005
Alcohols
1-Hexanol	1363	1360	MS, KI, Co	1.583 ± 0.001^a,A	1.784 ± 0.002^a,B	0.545 ± 0.004^a,C	0.459 ± 0.001^b,A	0.998 ± 0.003^b,B	0.416 ± 0.005^b,C	0.485 ± 0.002^c,A	0.458 ± 0.005^c,B	0.194 ± 0.004^c,C
3-Octanol	1400	1394	MS, KI, Co	0.052 ± 0.003^a,A	0.111 ± 0.002^a,B	0.106 ± 0.001^a,C	0.041 ± 0.002^b,A	0.077 ± 0.004^b,B	0.076 ± 0.004^b,B	0.019 ± 0.001^c,A	0.041 ± 0.003^c,B	0.044 ± 0.002^c,C
1-Octen-3-ol	1458	1445	MS, KI, Co	7.966 ± 0.002^a,A	12.145 ± 0.008^a,B	7.025 ± 0.010^a,C	3.781 ± 0.002^b,A	7.308 ± 0.004^b,B	5.664 ± 0.008^b,C	2.713 ± 0.004^c,A	3.573 ± 0.003^c,B	3.321 ± 0.004^c,C
Benzyl alcohol	1886	1880	MS, KI, Co	0.498 ± 0.004^a,A	0.171 ± 0.003^a,B	0.016 ± 0.001^a,C	0.106 ± 0.004^b,A	0.149 ± 0.001^b,B	0.012 ± 0.001^b,C	0.142 ± 0.003^c,A	0.110 ± 0.004^c,B	0.016 ± 0.002^c,C
Phenethyl-alcohol	1912	1929	MS, KI, Co	0.014 ± 0.004^a,A	0.019 ± 0.001^a,B	0.120 ± 0.002^a,C	0.015 ± 0.004^b,A	0.021 ± 0.001^b,B	0.076 ± 0.002^b,C	0.010 ± 0.002^c,A	0.016 ± 0.004^c,B	0.067 ± 0.001^c,C
Total alcohols				10.113 ± 0.003	14.226 ± 0.004	7.813 ± 0.007	4.401 ± 0.003	8.552 ± 0.005	6.245 ± 0.009	3.368 ± 0.007	4.198 ± 0.003	3.643 ± 0.005
Ketones
2-Heptanone	1193	1189	MS, KI, Co	0.284 ± 0.001^a,A	0.474 ± 0.001^a,B	0.024 ± 0.001^a,C	0.228 ± 0.002^b,A	0.363 ± 0.006^b,B	0.085 ± 0.002^b,C	0.130 ± 0.001^c,A	0.226 ± 0.003^c,B	0.044 ± 0.007^c,C
3-Octanone	1266	1261	MS, KI, Co	0.207 ± 0.001^a,A	0.667 ± 0.003^a,B	0.087 ± 0.002^a,C	0.131 ± 0.003^b,A	0.327 ± 0.001^b,B	0.052 ± 0.004^b,C	0.070 ± 0.003^c,A	0.128 ± 0.001^c,B	0.024 ± 0.002^c,C
Total ketones				0.493 ± 0.001	1.141 ± 0.001	0.111 ± 0.001	0.358 ± 0.001	0.689 ± 0.008	0.137 ± 0.003	0.199 ± 0.003	0.355 ± 0.001	0.068 ± 0.009
Total volatiles				14.632 ± 0.004^a,A	21.904 ± 0.004^a,B	8.795 ± 0.001^a,C	7.328 ± 0.006^b,A	13.539 ± 0.004^b,B	7.568 ± 0.006^b,C	5.503 ± 0.004^c,A	7.095 ± 0.004^c,B	4.786 ± 0.004^c,C

¹All concentration values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. ²SPME-HS incubation temperature, ³MS, identification of mass spectrum with reference to the NIST mass spectrum library, ⁴Kovats retention index on DB-WAX; KI (Ref), ⁵Co-injection with authentic chemicals. Kovats Retention index on DB-WAX in the NIST database. Mean values with different letters (a, b, c—extraction temperature/A, B, C—particle size) in the same horizontal line indicate significant differences according to Duncan’s test (p < 0.05). N.D.: not detected

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