Table 2 Spearman’s correlation analysis between the fall armyworm behavioural activity and selected predominant VOCs across test plants based on Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM)

− 0.47

0.02^*

− 0.43

0.003^**

− 0.03

0.90

− 0.14

0.18

0.54

0.30

− 0.05

0.36

− 0.33

0.06

− 0.48

0.004^**

0.37

0.59

− 0.36

0.01^*

− 0.40

0.001^**

0.08

0.65

− 0.82

 < 0.001^***

− 0.11

0.26

− 0.57

0.003^**

0.21

0.11

− 0.20

0.83

− 0.20

0.97

− 0.43

0.16

0.35

0.11

− 0.53

0.002^**

− 0.67

 < 0.001^***

− 0.29

0.06

− 0.14

0.39

0.08

0.37

0.61

 < 0.001***

− 0.11

0.56