Improving the quality and reducing harmful microbes of total mixed ration silage with dried soybean curd residue

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture

Table 1 Ingredient proportions, chemical composition and microbial counts of Napier grass total mixed rations

Items	^bCK	SR3	SR6	SR9	SEM	Sig
Ingredient (g kg⁻¹ DM)
^aFresh Napier grass	450	450	450	450	/	/
SR	/	30	60	90	/	/
Corn meal	500	470	440	410	/	/
Soybean meal	35	35	35	35	/	/
VMS	10	10	10	10	/	/
Salt	5	5	5	5	/	/
Chemical composition (g kg⁻¹ DM)
DM (g kg⁻¹ FM)	482.7	479.9	478.0	481.7	1.02	NS
CP	105.5	108.0	109.2	115.1	3.62	NS
WSC	192.6	191.7	190.6	189.2	4.21	NS
NDF	479.2	482.0	486.2	491.5	1.75	NS
ADF	204.5	203.0	204.6	211.7	2.51	NS
Microbial counts (log₁₀cfu g⁻¹ FM)
Lactic acid bacteria	3.28	3.29	3.32	3.33	0.02	NS
Aerobic bacteria	5.50	5.72	5.58	5.72	0.02	NS
Yeasts	3.39	3.08	3.47	3.29	0.05	NS
Molds	2.84	2.79	2.72	2.67	0.03	NS

^aVMS, vitamin-mineral supplement is from commercial product containing 14 g kg⁻¹ Zn, 3.5 g kg⁻¹ Mn, 3 g kg⁻¹ Cu, a minimum of 1600,000 IU g⁻¹ of vitamin A, 300,000 IU g⁻¹ of vitamin D on average; DM dry matter, FM fresh matter, CP crude protein, WSC water-soluble carbohydrates, NDF neutral detergent fiber, ADF acid detergent fiber
^bSR, dried soybean curd residue; SR3, SR6 and SR9 were SR levels at 3%, 6% and 9% of total mixed ration DM, respectively; SEM standard error of the means, Sig significance, NS not significant